Unjuk Kerja FLC (Fuzzy Logic Controller) Pada Pengendalian Suhu Inkubator Ayam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30595/jrre.v8i1.29654Keywords:
Fuzzy logic controller, inkubator ayam, pengendalian suhu, FLC-like PID, Ziegler-Nichols, Arduino Uno, IAE, ITAE, broodingAbstract
Pengendalian suhu yang akurat dan stabil merupakan faktor kritis dalam keberhasilan pemeliharaan anak ayam pada fase brooding. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem pengendalian suhu inkubator ayam berbasis Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) dengan pendekatan FLC-like PID, di mana rentang fungsi keanggotaan diturunkan secara setara dengan penyetelan gain PID menggunakan metode Ziegler-Nichols. Sistem dibangun menggunakan mikrokontroler Arduino Uno, sensor DHT22, lampu halogen sebagai pemanas, dan motor BLDC sebagai pendingin. Empat konfigurasi fungsi keanggotaan dirancang dan diuji pada tiga skenario: tanpa gangguan siang hari, tanpa gangguan malam hari, dan dengan gangguan eksternal berupa pembukaan pintu inkubator. Evaluasi dilakukan terhadap sepuluh parameter unjuk kerja meliputi rise time, settling time, overshoot, steady-state error, IAE, ITAE, RMSE, dan stabilitas (σ). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa keempat kombinasi mampu mempertahankan suhu pada setpoint 35°C dengan maximum overshoot di bawah 2%. Pada kondisi malam hari tanpa gangguan, Kombinasi 1 menghasilkan unjuk kerja terbaik secara menyeluruh dengan overshoot 0,75%, rise time 136 detik, steady-state error -0,070°C, IAE 787,27, ITAE 186.650, dan RMSE 0,0808. Pada kondisi siang hari, Kombinasi 4 unggul dalam kecepatan respons dengan rise time 61 detik dan settling time 109 detik. Sistem FLC juga terbukti robust terhadap gangguan eksternal, baik sesaat maupun berkepanjangan. Pendekatan FLC-like PID berbasis Ziegler-Nichols memberikan prosedur penyetelan yang terstruktur dan dapat direplikasi sebagai alternatif yang lebih sistematis dibanding trial and error pada aplikasi inkubator berbasis mikrokontroler berbiaya rendah.
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