Gambaran klinis dan histopatologi kulit tikus Sprague-Dawley pada kelompok tikus muda, tua, dan tikus model tua induksi D-galaktosa

Authors

  • Ervina Rosmarwati Program Studi Dermatologi dan Venereologi, Program Pendidikan Dokter Spesialis Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta
  • Endra Yustin Ellistasari <em>Departemen Dermatologi dan Venereologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta</em>
  • Arie Kusumawardani <em>Departemen Dermatologi dan Venereologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta</em>

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30595/hmj.v5i3.14894

Keywords:

penuaan intrinsik, D-Galaktosa, Kulit Tikus, Klinis, Histopatologis

Abstract

Penuaan kulit terbagi menjadi penuaan intrinsik dan ekstrinsik. Penuaan ekstrinsik terjadi akibat paparan luar sedangkan penuaan intrinsik merupakan kondisi fisiologis akibat kerusakan DNA. Mekanisme utama penuaan kulit adalah reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS mengaktivasi faktor transkripsi matriks metaloproteinase (MMP). MMP-1 mampu mendegradasi kolagen I dan III, menyebabkan pengurangan penyebaran/kekuatan mekanis fibroblas pada kulit yang menua, sehingga kulit berkerut dan tidak kenyal. Penggunan D-gal dapat menginduksi ROS dan advanced glycation end products (AGE). Tikus muda galur Sprague-Dawley(16 minggu), tikus model penuaan intrinsik dengan induksi D-galaktosa (usia induksi 8 minggu), dan tikus tua (18 bulan) digunakan pada penelitian ini. Kulit dari punggung diambil dan dilakukan HE. Gambaran klinis menunjukkan tikus muda memiliki bulu halus, berwarna putih kekuningan bersih, tebal dengan mata merah jernih tanpa hiperpigmentasi di telinga sedangkan kulit tikus model tua tampak bulu kering, kasar, rontok dan berwarna kuning kecoklatan dengan kekeruhan pada lensa mata. Pengamatan histologis menunjukkan pada tikus muda tampak epidermis tebal, rete ridge normal, kolagen padat dan lemak subkutan cukup. Tikus model tua tampak epidermis menipis, pendataran rete ridge, kolagen berkurang dan lemak berkurang. Kulit dengan proses penuaan akan mengalami perubahan struktural, biokimia, persepsi neurosensoris, permeabilitas, respon terhadap cedera, dan peningkatan insidensi penyakit kulit. Perubahan struktural yang konsisten pada kulit menua adalah dermo-epidermal junction flattening akibat hilangnya papila dermis serta berkurangnya interdigitasi antar lapisan. Pemberian D-galaktosa menunjukkan peningkatan NO, MDA serta penurunan SOD, GSH, GSH-Px. Disimpulkan bahwa induksi penuaan dengan D-galaktosa berhasil membuat perubahan penuaan pada tikus muda menjadi mendekati tikus tua secara klinis dan histopatologis. 

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Published

2023-01-02