Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kemangi (<i>Ocimum basilicum L.</i>) Terhadap Cedera Tubulus Ginjal

Authors

  • Farah Akhwanis Syifa
  • Rizka Adi Nugraha Putra
  • Andi Muhammad Maulana
  • Susiyadi Susiyadi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30595/hmj.v4i4.4555

Keywords:

tubular injury, basil leaves' extract, monosodium glutamate

Abstract

According to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA),the allowed level of Monosodium glutamate (MSG)consumption is 30 mg / kgbw per day. Several studies show that long-term MSG is toxic to the kidneys bycausingoxidative stress and decreasing thekidney function.This study was based on the potential for impaired kidneyfunction and structure caused by excessive consumption of MSG and basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.) asantioxidant plants with flavonoid content. To find out the effect of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves’ ethanolextract dose 175 mg / kgbw, 350 mg / kgbw and 700 mg / kgbw against kidney tubular injury on white rats WistarStrain induced by MSG.This study was a quasi-experimental study with a randomized post-test only controlledgroup design. The number of samples was 25 ABM, divided into five groups, the positive control group (K+), thenegative control group (K-) and the treatment group (K1,K2 and K3).In the group given basil leaves ethanol extractdoses of 175, 350 and 700 mg / kgbw, there was a decrease in tubular injury in the kidney of the white rat (Rattusnorvegicus) Wistar strain induced by MSG 1.6 g/day orally. The optimal dose in this study was 700 mg / kgbw. Teststatistics indicated significant differences in all five groups (p < 0.05).The administration of ethanol extract of basilleaves (Ocimum basilicumL.) was able to prevent tubular injury in the kidney of the white rat (Rattus norvegicus)Wistar strain induced by MSG.

 

Kadar konsumsi MSG yang diperbolehkan menurut Europian Food Safety Authority (EFSA) yaitu 30 mg/kgBB per hari. Beberapa studi pada hewan coba menunjukkan bahwa pemberian MSG jangka panjang bersifat toksik padaginjal dengan menyebabkan stress oksidatif dan menurunkan fungsi ginjal. Penggunaan tanaman yang mengandungantioksidan dapat meningkatkan mekanisme dalam tubuh untuk mencegah stres oksidatif. Penelitian ini didasarkanoleh potensi terjadinya gangguan fungsi dan struktur ginjal akibat stres oksidatif yang disebabkan oleh konsumsiMSG berlebih serta daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) sebagai tanaman antioksidan dengan kandunganflavonoid.Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanol daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) dosis 175,350 dan700 mg/kgBB terhadap cedera tubulus pada BBT ginjal tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) galur Wistar  yang diinduksiMSG.Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian quasi-experimental dengan rancangan randomized post test onlycontrolled group. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 25 BBT, terbagi menjadi lima kelompok, yaitu kontrol positif (K+),kontrol negatif (K-) dan kelompok perlakuan ekstrak daun kemangi (K1, K2 dan K3).Pada kelompok pemberianekstrak etanol daun kemangi terjadi penurunan cedera tubulus pada ginjal tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) galur Wistar  yang diinduksi MSG 1,6 g/hari secara oral.  Dosis optimal ekstrak etanol daun kemangi padapenelitian iniyaitu 700 mg/kgBB. Uji statistik menuunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan pada kelima kelompok (p<0,05). Pemberian ekstrak etanol daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) dapat mencegah terjadinya cedera tubulus padaginjal tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) galur Wistar  yang diinduksi MSG.

Author Biographies

Farah Akhwanis Syifa

Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Rizka Adi Nugraha Putra

Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Andi Muhammad Maulana

Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Susiyadi Susiyadi

Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

References

1. Sudoyo AW, Setiyohadi B, Alwi I, Simadibrata M, Setiadi S. Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Jilid 2.; 2014.

2. Hill NR, Fatoba ST, Oke JL, et al. Global Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Plosone. 2016:1-18. doi:10.5061/dryad.3s7rd.Funding

3. Cao Q, Wang Y, Harris DCH. Macrophage heterogeneity, phenotypes, and roles in renal fibrosis. Kidney Int Suppl. 2014;4(1):16-19. doi:10.1038/kisup.2014.4

4. Kamata M, Hosono K, Fujita T, Kamata K, Majima M. Role of cyclooxygenase-2 in the development of interstitial fibrosis in kidneys following unilateral ureteral obstruction in mice. Biomed Pharmacother. 2015;70:174-180. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2015.01.010

5. Putra RAN, Arfian N, Budiharjo S. OBSTRUCTION, Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin D Aktif pada Mencit Jantan dengan Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction, Kajian terhadap Cedera Tubulus, Jumlah Makrofag M1 & M2, serta Jumlah Myofibroblast. 2017:1-3.

6. Delima D, Tjitra E, Tana L, et al. Faktor Risiko Penyakit Ginjal Kronik : Studi Kasus Kontrol di Empat Rumah Sakit di Jakarta Tahun 2014. Bul Penelit Kesehat. 2017;45(1):17-26. doi:10.22435/bpk.v45i1.5771.17-26

7. Sharma A, Wongkham C, Prasongwattana V, et al. Proteomic analysis of kidney in rats chronically exposed to monosodium glutamate. PLoS One. 2014;9(12):e116233. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0116233

8. Henry-Unaeze HN. Update on food safety of monosodium L-glutamate (MSG). Pathophysiology. 2017;24(4):243-249. doi:10.1016/j.pathophys.2017.08.001

9. Sharma A. Monosodium glutamate-induced oxidative kidney damage and possible mechanisms: A mini-review. J Biomed Sci. 2015;22(1):1-6. doi:10.1186/s12929-015-0192-5

10. Joncquel-Chevalier Curt M, Voicu PM, Fontaine M, et al. Creatine biosynthesis and transport in health and disease. Biochimie. 2015;119:146-165. doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2015.10.022

11. Ali A, Qasim M, Aftab MN, et al. Effects of Ocimum basilicum extract on hematological and serum profile of male albino mice after AlCl 3 induced toxicity. 2017;6(2):505-510.

12. Varga F, Carović-Stanko K, Ristić M, Grdiša M, Liber Z, Šatović Z. Morphological and biochemical intraspecific characterization of Ocimum basilicum L. Ind Crops Prod. 2017. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.09.018

13. Putri GSS. Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum) terhadap Kadar Ureum dan Kreatinin pada Tikus Putih Galur Wistar (Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar) yang Diinduksi Monosodium Glutamate (MSG). 2018:1-76.

14. Yu ASL, Brenner BM. Penyakit Tubulointerstisial Ginjal. In: Harrison : Nefrologi Dan Gangguan Asam-Basa. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC; 2013:182-187.

15. Duffield JS. Cellular and molecular mechanisms in kidney fibrosis. J Clin Invest. 2014;124(6):2299-2306. doi:10.1172/JCI72267.a

16. Sari YES. Gambaran Histologi Ginjal Tikus Wistar Yang Terpapar MSG Setelah Perlakuan Diberikan Jus Tomat Dan Diberhentikan Perlakuan Saja. 2018;1(2):62-69.

17. Sharma A, Prasongwattana V, Cha’on U, et al. Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) Consumption Is Associated with Urolithiasis and Urinary Tract Obstruction in Rats. PLoS One. 2013;8(9):1-9. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0075546

18. Dixit SG, Rani P, Anand A, Khatri K, Chauhan R, Bharihoke V. To study the effect of monosodium glutamate on histomorphometry of cortex of kidney in adult albino rats. Ren Fail. 2014;36(2):266-270. doi:10.3109/0886022X.2013.846865

19. Danny H, Harry M, Ferry S, Arief B, Tono D, Boenjamin S. Stem Cell Dasar Teori Dan Aplikasi Klinis. Jakarta: Humana Press; 2010.

20. Harris RC, Neilson EG. Adaptasi Ginjal terhadap Cedera Ginjal. In: Harrison : Nefrologi Dan Gangguan Asam-Basa. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC; 2013:12-19.

21. Rodrigues LB, Martins AOBPB, Ribeiro-Filho J, et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of the essential oil obtained from Ocimum basilicum complexed with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in mice. Food Chem Toxicol. 2016. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2017.02.027

22. Teofilović B, Grujić-Letić N, Goločorbin-Kon S, Stojanović S, Vastag G, Gadžurić S. Experimental and chemometric study of antioxidant capacity of basil (Ocimum basilicum) extracts. Ind Crops Prod. 2017;100:176-182. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.02.039

23. Khair-ul-Bariyah S, Ahmed D, Ikram M. Ocimum Basilicum: A Review on Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies. Pakistan J Chem. 2012;2(2):78-85. doi:10.15228/2012.v02.i02.p05

Downloads

Published

2021-12-04

How to Cite

Syifa, F. A., Putra, R. A. N., Maulana, A. M., & Susiyadi, S. (2021). Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kemangi (<i>Ocimum basilicum L.</i>) Terhadap Cedera Tubulus Ginjal. Herb-Medicine Journal: Terbitan Berkala Ilmiah Herbal, Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan, 4(4), 40–50. https://doi.org/10.30595/hmj.v4i4.4555