Kombinasi Pektin Kulit Buah Naga dan Enzim PMEs Bacillus subtilis dengan Nutrisi Molase sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Biometanol
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30595/jrst.v9i1.21749Keywords:
Biometanol, Kulit Buah Naga, Enzim PMEs, Bacillus Subtilis, MolaseAbstract
Ketersediaan bahan bakar fosil yang menipis membutuhkan pengembangan energi baru terbarukan, seperti biometanol. Kulit buah naga dengan kandungan pektin bermetoksil tinggi berpotensi menjadi bahan baku alternatif melalui proses hidrolisis enzimatik. Tujuan dari riset ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kadar metoksil pektin kulit buah naga, mengetahui pengaruh penambahan molase pada media NB terhadap pertumbuhan Bacillus subtilis, mengetahui pengaruh penambahan molase pada media NB terhadap aktivitas ekstrak kasar enzim PMEs Bacillus subtilis, serta mengkaji potensi metoksil pektin yang dapat dihidrolisi menggunakan enzim PMEs dan menghasilkan biometanol. Tahapan riset meliputi preparasi kulit buah naga, ekstraksi kulit buah naga, analisis kadar metoksil pektin, pembuatan media NB nutrisi molase, pembuatan kurva pertumbuhan Bacillus subtilis, produksi ekstrak kasar enzim PMEs Bacillus subtilis dengan nutrisi molase, isolasi ekstrak kasar enzim PMEs, dan uji aktivitas ekstrak kasar enzim PMEs. Berdasarkan hasil titrasi, kulit buah naga mengandung gugus metoksil pektin 30,349% tergolong metoksil tinggi. Penambahan nutrisi molase pada media NB Bacillus subtilis dapat mempercepat pertumbuhan Bacillus subtilis dalam mencapai fase eksponensial. Pertumbuhan Bacillus subtilis pada media NB molasses 2,5% mencapai fase eksponensial lebih cepat yaitu 8 jam pertama dengan absorbansi yang lebih tinggi. Sedangkan pertumbuhan Bacillus subtilis pada media NB 0% mencapai fase eksponensial pada 10 jam pertama. Kultur Bacillus subtilis pada media NB molase 2,5% menghasilkan ekstrak kasar enzim PMEs dengan aktivitas yang lebih baik yaitu 0,668 unit/mL. Enzim PMEs akan meningkatkan sakarifikasi dan meningkatkan hasil pektin yang diekstraksi, sehingga dapat memberikan jalur potensial untuk valorisasi biometanol.
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