Abstract

This article analyses the implementation of the Supreme Court Regulation Number 3 of 2017 concerning Guidelines for Trial of Cases Involving Women Facing Legal Challenges (which is then written as SC Reg. 3/2017) in Religious Affairs Courts. This regulation provides a guideline and serves as a reference point for judges which helps them to better understand and implement the principles of gender equality and non-discrimination in hearing and trying a case involving women. This study employs juridical-empirical approach method and purposive sampling as the data collection technique in interviewing several judges at multiple religious affairs courts in Java Island, as well as in literature review. The result of this study shows that judges at religious affairs courts have adopted Supreme Court Regulation Number 3 of 2017 (hereinafter, SC Reg. 3/2017), although in their practices, even after four years since the enactment, there still isn’t any consensus or shared views amongst judges in implementing matters such as post-divorce women’s rights, especially regarding verstek (in absentia) judgment. However, several religious affairs court judges have shown a good understanding of equality between men and women, indicated by judgments that favours women. Religious court judges in their ex officio capacity may grant rights to divorced wives, even if they are not requested.

There is no Figure or data content available for this article

References

• Afrianty, Dina. “Agents for Change: Local Women’s Organizations and Domestic Violence in Indonesia.” Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 174, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 24–46. Accessed January 9, 2025. https://brill.com/abstract/journals/bki/174/1/article-p24_2.xml.

  Andi Sukmawati Assaad, et.al. “Gender Equity in Heritance System: The Collaboration of Islamic and Bugis Luwu Customary Law.” Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial 17, no. 2 (2022): 458–479.

  Ardhanariswari, Riris. “Equality in Politics (Study on The Indonesian Constitional Court’s Decisions on Judicial Review Related to Women’s Political Participation.” Jurnal Dinamika Hukum 21, no. 3 (2021): 420–431.

  Dicey, A.V. An Introduction to The Study of The Law of The Constitution. London: Macmillan and Co, Limited St. Marthin’s Street, 1959.

  Fakih, Mansour. Analisis Gender & Transformasi Sosial. Pustaka Pelajar, 2004.

  Farida, Elfia. “Implementasi Prinsip Pokok Convention The Elimination of All Form Discrimination Againts Women (CEDAW) Di Indonesia.” Masalah-masalah Hukum 40, no. 4 (2011).

  Fenwick, Mark, and Stefan Wrbka. “The Shifting Meaning of Legal Certainty.” In Legal Certainty in a Contemporary Context, edited by Mark Fenwick and Stefan Wrbka, 1–6. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. Accessed January 9, 2025. http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-981-10-0114-7_1.

  Gau, Jacinta M., and Eugene A. Paoline. “Equal under the Law: Officers’ Perceptions of Equitable Treatment and Justice in Policing.” American Journal of Criminal Justice 45, no. 3 (June 2020): 474–492. Accessed January 9, 2025. http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12103-020-09525-5.

  Grigor’eva, Ksenija. “Racial Discrimination in Policing: Dysfunction in the Law Enforcement System or a Social Institution?” The Journal of Social Policy Studies 18, no. 2 (June 28, 2020): 299–312. Accessed January 9, 2025. https://jsps.hse.ru/article/view/11012.

  Hartanto*, Rima Vien Permata, Siany Indria Liestyasari, and Atik Catur Budiati. “Paralegals and Women Access to Justice : Making Access to Justice of Women Victims of Violence Effective.” The Journal of Social Sciences Research (2018): 807-813:2. Accessed January 9, 2025. https://ideas.repec.org//a/arp/tjssrr/2018p807-813.html.

  Huijbers, Theo. Filsafat Hukum. Bandung: Kanisius, 1995.

  Judiasih, Sonny Dewi. “Implementasi Kesetaraan Gender Dalam Beberapa Aspek Kehidupan Bermasyarakat Di Indonesia.” ACTA DIURNAL 5, no. 2 (2022): 284–302.

  Kania, Dede. “Hak Asasi Perempuan Dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Konstitusi 12, no. 4 (2015): 716–734.

  Kublickienė, Lilija. “Gender Equality in the World, the European Union and Lithuania.” Information & Media 80 (July 4, 2018): 10–30. Accessed January 6, 2025. https://www.journals.vu.lt/IM/article/view/11711.

  Kunti Dewi Adriane Kusumowardono, Rr. “Elimination of Discrimination Against Women & CEDAW: To What Extent Is It Jus Cogens?” Yuridika 38, no. 1 (2023): 191–202.

  Lifante-Vidal, Isabel. “Is Legal Certainty a Formal Value?” Jurisprudence 11, no. 3 (July 2, 2020): 456–467. Accessed January 9, 2025. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/20403313.2020.1778289.

  Musawwamah, Siti. “The Implementation of PERMA Number 3 of 2017 Concerning the Guidelines for Dealing with Women’s Cases on Laws as an Effort of Women Empowerment in The Judiciary in Madura.” al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial 15, no. 1 (2020): 67–92.

  Nainggolan, Junita Fanny, and et. al. “Pemaksan Perkawinan Berkedok Tradisi Budaya: Bagaimana Implementasi CEDAW Terhadap Hukum Nasional Dalam Melindungi Hak-Hak Perempuan Dalam Perkawinan?” Uti Possidetis: Journal of International Law 3, no. 1 (2022): 55–82.

  Páez-Mérida, Ana. “The state of art of the research about the influence of gender in judicial decision-making.” Revista Española de Investigación Criminológica 19, no. 1 (July 22, 2021): 1–25. Accessed January 9, 2025. https://reic.criminologia.net/index.php/journal/article/view/483.

  Sa’adah, Wazirotus. “Implementasi Asas Kesetaraan Gender Pada Pasal 2 Perma No. 3 Tahun 2017 Tentang Pedoman Mengadili Perkara Perempuan Berhadapan Dengan Hukum Terhadap Perceraian (Studi Pandangan Hakim Pengadilan Agama Kabupaten Agama).” Sakina: Journal of Family Studies 2, no. 2 (2018): 1–10.

  Saraswati, Rika. “Gender Bias in Indonesian Courts: Is Perma No. 3 of 2017 the Solution for Gender-Based Violence Cases?” Law 10, no. 2 (2021).

  Savitri, Niken. HAM Perempuan Kritik Teori Hukum Feminis Terhadap KUHP. Jakarta: Refika Aditama, 2008.

  Setiawan, Heri, and Et.al. “Gender Equality Issues in Optical Feminist Jurisprudence and Implementation in Indonesia.” FIAT JUSTISIA 12, no. 4 (2018): 355–367.

  Shcherbanyuk, Oksana, Vіtalii Gordieiev, and Laura Bzova. “Legal Nature of the Principle of Legal Certainty as a Component Element of the Rule of Law.” Juridical Tribune 13, no. 1 (March 31, 2023). Accessed January 9, 2025. https://tribunajuridica.eu/arhiva/An13v1/2.%20Shcherbanyuk,%20Gordieiev,%20Bzova.pdf.

  Sonata, Depri Liber. “Metode Penelitian Hukum Normatif Dan Empiris: Karakteristik Khas Dari Metode Meneliti Hukum.” Fiat Justisia Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 8, no. 1 (2014): 15–36.

  Sutherland-Smith, Wendy. “Justice Unmasked: A Semiotic Analysis of Justitia” 2011, no. 185 (June 1, 2011): 213–222. Accessed January 6, 2025. https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/semi.2011.039/html.

  T.O., Ihromi, and Dkk. Penghapusan Diskriminasi Terhadap Wanita. Bandung: Alumni, 2000.

  Tuslian, Widya Naseva. “Elimination of Culture Based Discrimination Against Women in Indonesia: An Assesment of the Implementation of State Parties’ Obligation Under Article 5 (A) of the Women’s Convention.” Indonesia Law Review 9, no. 1 (2019): 1–26.

  Violin, Gisela, and Yvonne Kezia Nafi. “Protection of Online Gender-Based Violence Victims: A Feminist Legal Analysis.” The Indonesian Journal of Socio-Legal Studies 1, no. 2 (March 2022). Accessed January 9, 2025. https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/ijsls/vol1/iss2/6/.

  Wahyuningsih, S.E., M.R. Lubis, A.D. Jayanto, and M. Iksan. “Legal Protection of Women as Victims of Domestic Violence in East Luwu District Indonesia.” Man in India 97, no. 24 (2017): 85–96.

  Yuni, Lilik Andar. “The Use of Ex-Officio to Fulfill Women’s Post-Divorce Rights at the Samarinda Religious Court.” Ijtihad: Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan 2, no. 2 (2021): 135–154.

  Yuni, Lilik Andar, and Murjani. “Gender Sensitivity at Judge’s Verdicts in Samarinda and Magelang Religious Courts; The Implementation of PERMA Number 03 of 2017.” Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial 15, no. 2 (2020): 251–279.

  Zainuddin, Muslim, and et. al. “Divorce Problem and Community Social Capital in Realizing Family Resilience in Aceh.” Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam 6, no. 2 (2022): 914–932.

How to Cite This

Article Metrics

Download Statistics

Other Statistics

Copyright and Permissions

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with Kosmik Hukum agree to the following terms:

1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. 
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Data Availability