FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI SPRAY GEL FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT PUCUK DAUN TEH HIJAU (Camelia sinensis [L.] Kuntze) SEBAGAI ANTIJERAWAT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30595/pji.v13i02.1257Abstract
Teh hijau sangat berpotensi sebagai antijerawat. Flavonoid dalam teh hijau diketahui merupakan senyawa yang bertanggung jawab sebagai antijerawat. Sediaan krim fraksi etil asetat teh hijau sudah berhasil diformulasikan dan mempunyai aktivitas antijerawat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan formulasi sediaan spray gel fraksi etil asetat pucuk daun teh hijau sebagai antijerawat. Pucuk daun teh hijau diekstraksi dengan metode seduhan menggunakan pelarut air. Kemudian difraksinasi dengan ekstraksi cair-cair (ECC). Pengujian aktivitas antijerawat dengan menentukan Kadar Hambat Minimum (KHM) dari fraksi etil asetat daun teh hijau terhadap Propionibacterium acnes menggunakan metode sumur. Formulasi spray gel fraksi etil asetat teh hijau menggunakan karbopol dengan variasi konsentrasi NaOH sebagai penstabil viskositas dan pH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KHM dari fraksi etil asetat pucuk daun teh hijau terhadap Propionibacterium acnes adalah 0,06%. Hasil uji stabilitas sediaan spray gel menunjukkan sediaan yang diperoleh kurang stabil. Viskositas dan pH sediaan spray gel mengalami penurunan selama 28 hari penyimpanan. Hasil uji iritasi pada kulit kelinci menunjukkan bahwa sediaan spray gel aman untuk digunakan dan tidak menimbulkan iritasi kulit. Hasil analisis statistik menggunakan one way Anova, aktivitas antijerawat menunjukkan sediaan spray gel memiliki diameter zona hambat yang berbeda signifikan antara F0, F1, F2 terhadap kontrol positif dengan nilai p<0,05. Green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) is very potencial as antiacne. Flavonoids in green tea is considered as active substances for antiacne. Cream of ethyl acetate fraction of green tea has been formulated and it had antiacne activity. The purpose of this research was to produce a spray gel of ethyl acetate fraction of green tea leaves as antiacne. Shoots of green tea leaves were extracted by steeping method using water and then fractionated with liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). Antiacne activity from ethyl acetate fraction of shoot of green tea leaves showed by MIC to Propionibacterium acnes using hole method. Spray gel formulations of ethyl acetate fraction of shoot green tea using carbopol with varying concentrations of NaOH as viscosity and pH stabilizer. The results showed the MIC of the fraction of ethyl acetate of shoot green tea leaves to Propionibacterium acnes were 0.06%. The results of stability testing of spray gel preparation is less stable. The viscosity and pH of the spray gel preparation has decreased during the 28 days of storage. Results of irritation test in skin rabbit showed that the dosage of spray gel is safe to use and does not cause skin irritation. Results of statistical analysis using one-way Anova, spray gel of ethyl acetate fraction of shoot green tea has inhibitory zone diameters that were different significantly between the F0, F1, and F2 to the positive control with p<0.05.References
Cattopadhyay, P., Besra, S.E., Gomes, A., Das, M., Sur, P., Mitra, S., Vedasiromoni, J.R. 2004. Anti-inflammatory activity of tea (Camelia sinensis) root extract. Life Sci., 74(15):1839-1849.
Cho, S.C., Sultan, M.Z., Moon, S.S. 2009. Antiacne activities of pulsaquinone, hydro-pulsaquinone and structurally related 1,4–quinone derivatives. Arch. Pharm. Res., 32:489-94.
Daud, F.S., Wankhede, S., Joshi, M., Pande, G. 2013. Development of herbal antiacne gel and its evaluation against acne causing bacteria Propionibacterium acne and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Int. J. Res. Ayurveda Pharm., 4(5):781-786.
Davis, A.L., Lewis, J.R., Cai, Y., Powell, C., Davis, A.P., Wilkins, J.P.G., Pudney, P., Clifford, M.N. 1997. A polyphenolic pigment from black tea. Phytochemistry, 46(8):1397-1402.
De Polo, K.F. 1998. A short Textbook of Cosmeetology. 1st ed. Augsburg: Verlag fur chemische Industrie.
Eady, E.A., Jones, C.E., Tipper, J.L., Cove, J.H., Cunliffe, W.J., Layton, A.M. 1993. Antibiotic resistant Propionibacteria in acne: need for policies to modify antibiotic usage. BMJ, 306:555-556.
Enshaleh, S., Jooya, A., Siadat, H.A., Iraji, F. 2007. The efficacy of 5% topical tea tree oil gel in mild to moderate acne vulgaris: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol Leprol, 73(1):22-25.
Esthiaghi, M.N. dan Kuldiloke, J. 2013. Formulation of antiacne cream containing natural antimicrobials. Int. Res. J. Pharm., 4(11):20-25.
Kamishita, T., Miyazaki, T., Okuno, Y. 1992. Spray Gel Base and Spray Gel Preparation Using Thereof. Osaka: Toko Yakuhin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha.
Kaur, H.P., Kaur, S., Rana, S. 2015. Antibacterial activity and phytochemical profile tea, black tea, and divya peya herbal tea. Int. J. Pure App. Biosci., 3(3):117-123.
Kim, C., Jung, H.Y., Kim, J.H., Shin, C.S. 2006. Effect of monascus pigment derivatives on the electrophorectic mobility of bacteria, and the cell absorption and antibacteria activities of pigment. Colloid Surf. B., 47:153-159.
Leyden, J.J. 1976. Antibiotic resistant acne. Cutis., 17:593-596.
Mills, S.Y. dan Bone, K. 2000. Principles and pPactice of Phytotherapy: Modern Herbal Medicine. London: Churchill Livingstone.
Nakatsuji, T., Kao, M.C., Fang, J.Y., Zouboulis, C.C., Zhang, L., Gallo, R.L., Huang, C.M. 2009. Antimicrobial property of lauric acid against Propionibacterium acnes: its therapeutic potential for inflammatory acne vulgaris. J. Invest. Dermatol., 129(10):2480-2488.
Nand, P., Drabu, S., Gupta, R.K. 2012. Phytochemical and antimicrobial screening of medicinal plants for the treatment of acne. Indian J. Nat. Prod. Resour., 3(1):28-32.
Panigrahi, L., John, T., Shariff, A., Shobarani, R.S. 1997. Formulation and evaluation of lincomycin HCl gels. Indian J. Pharma. Sci., 59:610-613.
Pothitirat, W., Chomnawang, M.T., Gritsanapan, W. Anti-acne inducing bacteria activity and α-mangostin content of Garcina mangostana fruit rind extracts from different provenience. Songklanakarin. J. Sci. Technol., 31(1):41-47.
Li, B.H, Zhang, R., Du, Y.T., Sun, Y.H., Tian, W.X. 2006. Inactivation mechanism of the β-ketoacyl-[acyl zarrier protein] reductase of bacterial type-II fatty acid synthase by epigallocatechin gallate. Biochem. Cell Bio., 84(5):755-762.
Purvis, D., Robinson, E., Merry, S., Watson P. 2006. Acne, anxiety, depression and suicide in tennager: a cross-sectional survey of New Zealand secondary school student. J. Paediatr. Child Health, 42(12):793-796.
Rani, B. dan Raaz, M. 2013. Vigour and vitality from Camelia sinensis plant. Universal Journal Pharmacy, 2(2):42-46.
Rohdiana, D., Agustini, R., Alatas, F. 2007. Pengujian ekstrak air dan fraksi-fraksi daun teh (Camelia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) terhadap aktivitas bakteri penyebab jerawat (Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus aureus). Jurnal Penelitian Teh dan Kina, 10(1-2):44-50.
Rohdiana, D., Agustini, R., Alatas, F. 2009. Formulasi sediaan krim antijerawat ekstrak etil asetat daun teh hijau (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze). Jurnal Penelitian Teh dan Kina. Hal. 11.
Shafira, U., Gadri, A., Lestari, F. 2015. Formulasi sediaan spray gel serbuk getah tanaman jarak cina dengan variasi jenis polimer pembentuk film dan jenis plasticizer. Prosiding Penelitian SPeSIA Unisba 2015. Bandung: Fakultas MIPA Unisba. Hal. 564-566.
Vats, A. dan Sharma, P. 2012. Formulation and evaluation of topical antiacne formulation of Coriande extract. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Re. Res., 16(2):97-103.
Widyaningrum, N., Fudholi, A., Sudarsono, Setyowati, E.P. 2015. Aktivitas antibakteri formula optimum krim anti-acne fraksi etil asetat ekstrak dau teh hijau (Camelia sinensis). Prosiding seminar nasional peluang herbal sebagai alternatif medicine. Semarang. Hal. 2-8.
Widyaningrum, N., Fudholi, A., Sudarsono, Setyowati, E.P. 2015. Buffer and emusifier optimization in cream with its antibacterial activity and sensitivity. Int. J. of Pharm. Sci. and Research, 6(12):1000-1006.
Yoon, J.Y., Kwon, H.H., Min, S.U., Thiboutot, D.M., Suh, D.H. 2013. Epigallocatechin-3-3 gallate improves acnes in humans by modulating intracellular molecular targets and inhibiting P. acnes. J. Invest. Dermatol., 133(2):429-440.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
