Self-Medication in the Pandemic Era: Factors to Consider Based on the Theory of Health Belief Model

Authors

  • Sang Putu Bagus Vidya Dharma Sudhewa Universitas Bali Internasional
  • I Gusti Ayu Rai Widowati <p>Program Studi Farmasi Klinis</p><p>Fakultas Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan</p><p>Universitas Bali Internasional</p>
  • Putu Prayascitadevi Empuadji Universitas Bali Internasional
  • Ni Putu Aryati Suryaningsih Universitas Bali Internasional
  • Ida Ayu Manik Partha Sutema Universitas Bali Internasional

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30595/pharmacy.v0i0.15071

Keywords:

Community, Health belief, Self-medication, Pandemic

Abstract

One of the factors leading people to seek treatment during the Covid-19 outbreak is a lack of access to healthcare services. Based on the Health Belief Model Theory, the purpose of this study is to investigate community self-medication and its determinants. An observational study was conducted in Bali Province, Indonesia. The study included adults who bought the medicine at a pharmacy without a prescription. Validated questionnaires were distributed in a drugstore in Gianyar Regency from January to February 2022. The variables were 4 (four) factors of health belief, demographics, socioeconomic position, and COVID-19 history. The analysis was descriptive, with 400 respondents out of 420 recruited (95.2% response rate). The affecting factors were identified as health confidence, cost reduction, and health condition prevention. There were 69.3% (n=277) of Covid-19 suspects with symptoms of fever, cough, runny nose, and headache. Indicators of socioeconomic status were also discovered. In terms of perceived susceptibilities, 54.0% (n=216) respondents reported mild symptoms; 260 (65.0%) respondents reported distance to the pharmacy as a perceived benefit; drug dose was also reported as a perceived barrier (n=229;57.25%), and 365 (91.3%) respondents reported perceived severities to prevent worsening of health conditions. The community's self-medication is still a concern. Behavior modification necessitates tactics that rely on health beliefs and target persons of lower socioeconomic levels. We believe that pharmacists should provide drug information to customers for self-medication to be effective.

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Published

2023-08-08

How to Cite

Sudhewa, S. P. B. V. D., Widowati, I. G. A. R., Empuadji, P. P., Suryaningsih, N. P. A., & Sutema, I. A. M. P. (2023). Self-Medication in the Pandemic Era: Factors to Consider Based on the Theory of Health Belief Model. PHARMACY: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia (Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia), 20(1), 59–63. https://doi.org/10.30595/pharmacy.v0i0.15071

Issue

Jurnal Pharmacy, Vol. 20 No. 01 Juli 2023

Section

PHARMACY

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