Pertumbuhan Tanaman Tomat yang Dibudidayakan di Tanah Mineral dengan Perlakuan Ampas Teh dan Kotoran Sapi

Authors

  • Mila Lukmana Politeknik Hasnur
  • Muhammad Helmy Abdillah Politeknik Hasnur

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30595/agritech.v24i1.13432

Keywords:

intensification, urban farming, wasted

Abstract

Tomato is a vegetable commodity that is needed on a large scale so its cultivation needs to be intensified. Tomato production is often constrained due to productivity and limited land, thereby reducing genetic potential and poor fertility. Therefore, intensification measures are needed in optimizing productivity and land limitations, especially the problem of urban farming. Tea dregs and cow dung become potential as well as alternatives in increasing soil fertility, especially for urban farmers who use urban land and yards for cultivation activities. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of a combination of tea dregs and cow dung at an efficient and effective dose on the increase in plant height, leaf surface area, root volume, dry weight of tomato plants. This research was conducted from February 2021 to June 2021 with a factorial randomized block design (RAK) with a BNJ 5% analysis model. The combination treatments used were tea dregs (A) and cow dung (S) with a dose level of A0 = 0 g/polybag; A1 = 10 g/ polybag; A2 = 20 g/ polybag; A3 = 30 g/ polybag; S0 = 0 g/ polybag; S1 = 29.7 g/ polybag; S2 = 44.5 g/ polybag; S3 = 74.2 g/polybag combined between types of materials and dose levels so that there are 16 factorial combinations that were repeated 3 times. The results of this study indicated that treatment of A1S3 was effective and efficient in increasing plant height gain, encouraging the formation of leaf surface area, increasing root growth, and producing tomato plant dry weight.

Author Biographies

Mila Lukmana, Politeknik Hasnur

Budidaya Tanaman

Muhammad Helmy Abdillah, Politeknik Hasnur

Dosen Pertanian

References

Abdillah, M. H., Maimunah, M. 2021. Pengaruh kombinasi ampas teh dan leri pada sifat kimia Ultisol terhadap produksit tanaman Cabai Rawit. Ziraa’ah, 46(1), 22–31. https://doi.org/10.31602/zmip.v46i1.3866

Amir, N., Hawalid, H., Nurhuda, I. A. 2017. Pengaruh pupuk kandang terhadap beberapa varietas bibit tanaman Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) di polibag. Klorofil, 12(2), 68–72.

Annisa, D. N., Darmawati, A., Sumarsono, S. 2018. Pertumbuhan dan produksi bayam merah (Amaranthus tricolor L.) dengan pemberian pupuk kandang dan giberelin. Journal of Agro Complex, 2(2), 102–108. https://doi.org/10.14710/joac.2.2.102-108

Apriyani, S., Wahyuni, S., Harsanti, E. S., Zu’Amah, H., Kartikawati, R., Sutriadi, M. T. 2021. Effect of inorganic fertilizer and farmyard manure to available P, growth, and rice yield in rainfed lowland Central Java. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 648(012190), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/648/1/012190

Cao, L., Shi, P. J., Li, L., Chen, G. 2019. A new flexible sigmoidal growth model. Symmetry, 11(204), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11020204

Chen, J., Liu, L., Wang, Z., Zhang, Y., Sun, H., Song, S., Bai, Z., Lu, Z., Li, C. 2020. Nitrogen fertilization increases root growth and coordinates the root–shoot relationship in Cotton. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11(880), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00880

Coskun, D., Britto, D. T., Kronzucker, H. J. 2017. The Nitrogen–Potassium intersection: membranes, metabolism, and mechanism. Plant Cell and Environment, 40(10), 2029–2041. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12671

Dibb, D. W., Thompson, W. R. 1985. Interaction of potassium with other nutrients. In Potassium in Agriculture (Issue March, pp. 515–533). https://doi.org/10.2134/1985.potassium.c22

Du, Q. J., Xiao, H. J., Li, J. Q., Zhang, J. X., Zhou, L. Y., Wang, J. Q. 2021. Effects of different fertilization rates on growth, yield, quality, and partial factor productivity of tomato under non-pressure gravity irrigation. PLoS ONE, 16(3), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247578

Effendi, M., Purnawanto, A. M., Budi, G. P. 2007. Pengaruh dosis limbah media tanam jamur tiram dan pupuk urea terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.). Agritech, 9(2), 178–192. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/agritech.v9i2.958

El-Sheikh, M. A., Rajaselvam, J., Abdel-Salam, E. M., Vijayaraghavan, P., Alatar, A. A., Devadhasan, G. 2020. Paecilomyces sp. ZB is a cell factory for the production of gibberellic acid using a cheap substrate in solid-state fermentation. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 27(9), 2431–2438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.06.040

Ezward, C., Devega, I., Jamalludin. 2019. Pengaruh pemberian pupuk kotoran sapi dan pupuk KCl terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas L). Menara Ilmu, 8(4), 15–24. http://jurnal.umsb.ac.id/index.php/menarailmu/article/view/1303

Faridullah, F., Hafeez, S., Ahmed, T., Alam, S., Naz, A., Shah, W., Khalid, S. 2018. Characterization of Phosphorus in fresh and composted manures of different livestock. Polish Journal Environment Studies, 27(2), 615–622. https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/68883

González-Hernández, A. I., Suárez-Fernández, M. B., Pérez-Sánchez, R., Gómez-Sánchez, M. Á., Morales-Corts, M. R. 2021. Compost tea induces growth and resistance against Rhizoctonia solani and Phytophthora capsici in pepper. Agronomy, 781(11), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/AGRONOMY11040781

Gultom, T., Silitonga, D. Y. 2018. Effect of hormones gibberellin (GA3) to produce parthenocarpy fruit on tomato tree (Solanum betaceum, Cav). 2nd Nommensen International Conference on Technology and Engineering, 420–428. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012074

Hafizah, N., Mukarramah, R. 2017. Aplikasi pupuk kandang kotoran sapi pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman Cabai rawit (Capsicum frustescens L.) di lahan rawa lebak. Ziraa’ah, 42(1), 1–7.

Handrian, R. G., Meiriani, Haryati. 2013. Peningkatan kadar vitamin C buah tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) dataran rendah dengan pemberian hormon GA3. Agroteknologi, 2(1), 333–339.

Hasanuzzaman, M., Bhuyan, M. H. M. B., Nahar, K., Hossain, S. M., Al Mahmud, J., Hossen, S. M., Masud, A. A. C., Moumita, M., Fujita, M. 2018. Potassium : A vital regulator of plant responses and tolerance to abiotic stresses. Jurnal Agronomy, 31(8), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy8030031

Hasnain, M., Chen, J., Ahmed, N., Memon, S., Wang, L., Wang, Y., Wang, P. 2020. The effects of fertilizer type and application time on soil properties, plant traits, yield, and quality of tomato. Sustainability, 12(9065), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12219065

Kafrawi, Asmawati, Kumalawati, Z. 2018. Pemanfaatan kompos berbagai kotoran ternak dan aplikasinya pada media tanam bibit Kakao (Theobroma cacao). Agroplantae, 7(2), 20–27.

Leghari, S. J., Wahocho, N. A., Laghari, G. M., Hafeezlaghari, A., Mustafabhabhan, G., Hussain T, K., Bhutto, T. A., Wahocho, S. A., Lashari, A. A. 2016. Role of Nitrogen for plant growth and development : A review. Advan Ces In Environmental Biology, 10(9), 209–218.

Miceli, A., Moncada, A., Sabatino, L., Vetrano, F. 2019. Effect of gibberellic acid on growth, yield, and quality of leaf lettuce and rocket grown in a floating system. Agronomy, 382(9), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9070382

Morales-corts, M. R., Pérez-sánchez, R., Gómez-sánchez, M. Á. 2018. The efficiency of garden waste compost teas on tomato growth and its suppressiveness against soilborne pathogens. Scientia Agricola, 75(5), 400–409.

Muratore, C., Espen, L., Prinsi, B. 2021. Nitrogen uptake in plants : The plasma membrane root transport systems from a physiological and proteomic perspective. Plants, 681(10), 3–26.

Nguyen, T. T., Sasaki, Y., Katahira, M., Singh, D. 2021. Cow manure application cuts chemical phosphorus fertilizer needed in silage rice in Japan. Agronomy, 11(8), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11081483

Panataria, L. R., Ginting, C. D., Sihombing, P. 2020. Analisa kandungan hara kompos limbah daun Teh. Agrium, 22(3), 178–182. http://journal.umsu.ac.id/index.php/agrium/article/view/4691

Pujiharto, P., Wahyuni, S. 2017. Analisis perilaku petani terhadap risiko usahatani sayuran dataran tinggi : Penerapan Moscardi and de Janvry Model. Agritech, 19(1), 65–73. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/agritech.v19i1.2099

Radha, T. K., Rao, D. L. N. 2014. Plant growth-promoting bacteria from cow dung-based biodynamic preparations. Indian Journal of Microbiology, 54(4), 413–418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-014-0468-6

Rahim, A., Marfi, W. O. E., Sinaini, L. 2015. Pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) pada berbagai dosis bokashi kotoran sapi dan volume penyiraman. Agrokompleks, 4(9), 42–54.

Razaq, M., Zhang, P., Shen, H. L., Salahuddin. 2017. Influence of Nitrogen and Phosphorous on the growth and root morphology of Acer Mono. PLoS ONE, 12(2), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171321

Ridwan, Syaiful, A. Z., Tang, M., Sudarman. 2020. Pengembangan Usaha Pupuk Bokasi dari Limbah Ampas Teh dan Kotoran Sapi. Seminar Nasional Peluang Dan Tantangan Pengabdian Masyarakat Yang Inovatif Di Era Kebiasaaan Baru, 852–858.

Rietra, R. P. J. J., Heinen, M., Dimkpa, C. O., Bindraban, P. S. 2017. Effects of nutrient antagonism and synergism on yield and fertilizer use efficiency. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 48(16), 1895–1920. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2017.1407429

Ronga, D., Parisi, M., Pentangelo, A., Mori, M., Mola, I. Di. 2019. Effects of Nitrogen management on biomass production and dry matter distribution of processing tomato cropped in Southern Italy. Agronomy, 9(855), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9120855

Shaban, H., Fazeli-Nasab, B., Alahyari, H., Alizadeh, G., Shahpesandi, S. 2015. An overview of the benefits of compost tea on plant and soil structure. Adv. Biores, 6(1), 154–158. https://doi.org/10.15515/abr.0976

Statistik Badan Pusat. 2020. Kalimantan Selatan Mengalami Inflasi Sebesar 0,9%. Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan.

Sudianto, E., Ezward, C., Mashadi. 2018. Pengaruh pemberian dolomit dan pupuk kotoran sapi terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi padi sawah (Oryza sativa L.) menggunakan tanah sawah bukaan baru. Jurnal Sains Agro, 03(01), 16–31.

Suryani, Y. R., Sudarma, A. D., Sumarsono. 2020. Pertumbuhan dan produksi tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) akibat berbagai jenis pupuk organik dan dosis mulsa sekam padi. NICHE Journal of Tropical Biology, 3(1), 18–25.

Susilo, D. E. H. 2015. Identifikasi nilai konstanta bentuk daun untuk pengukuran luas daun metode panjang kali lebar pada tanaman hortikultura di tanah gambut. Anterior, 14(2), 139–146.

Suwandi, T., Dewi, K. 2015. Pengaruh giberelin dan sitokinin terhadap pertumbuhan, indeks panen, dan kualitas buah Nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. smooth cayenne). Repository UGM. http://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/detail/84409

Taş, A., Berk, S. K., Orman, E., Gundogdu, M., Ercişli, S., Karatas, N., Jurikova, T., Adamkova, A., Nedomova, S., Mlcek, J. 2021. Influence of pre-harvest gibberellic acid and post-harvest 1-methyl cyclopropane treatments on phenolic compounds, vitamin C and organic acid contents during the shelf life of strawberry fruits. Plants, 121(10), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10010121

Thummanatsakun, V., Yampracha, S. 2018. Effects of interaction between Nitrogen and Potassium on the growth and yield of Cassava. International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 14(7), 2137–2150.

Usfunan, A. 2016. Pengaruh jenis dan cara aplikasi pupuk kandang terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill). Savana Cendana, 1(2), 68–73. https://doi.org/10.32938/sc.v1i02.14

Xu, X., Du, X., Wang, F., Sha, J., Chen, Q., Tian, G., Zhu, Z., Ge, S., Jiang, Y. 2020. Effects of Potassium levels on plant growth, accumulation and distribution of Carbon, and Nitrate metabolism in Apple dwarf rootstock seedlings. Journal Frontiers in Plant Science, 11(6), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00904

Zuhro, F., Hasanah, H. U., Winarso, S., Hoesain, M., Arifandi, D. 2019. Karakterisasi pupuk organik berbahan dasar kotoran hewan. Agritrop, 17(1), 103. https://doi.org/10.32528/agritrop.v17i1.2192

Downloads

Published

2022-06-28

Issue

Section

Articles