Persepsi Mahasiswa terhadap Jihad dalam Konflik Iran-Israel
https://doi.org/10.30595/ajsi.v6i2.26153
Keywords:
Persepsi Mahasiswa, Jihad, Konflik Iran-Israel, Politik Global, FenomenologiAbstract
Konflik Iran dan Israel merupakan salah satu konflik geopolitik paling kompleks yang melibatkan dimensi politik, agama, dan kemanusiaan, dengan dampak signifikan pada masyarakat global. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi persepsi mahasiswa mengenai konsep jihad dalam konteks konflik tersebut, sekaligus menelaah pandangan mereka terhadap dimensi kemanusiaan dan politik global yang terkait. Selain itu, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pemahaman mahasiswa tentang jihad atas konflik ini. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi deskriptif, data diperoleh melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan 12 mahasiswa dari berbagai universitas di Indonesia, yang memiliki latar belakang pendidikan agama dan umum. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi wawancara mendalam dan observasi fenomenologis untuk menangkap pengalaman subjektif dan ekspresi non-verbal partisipan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan metode fenomenologi Alfred Schutz, melalui tahapan transkripsi, pengodean, tematisasi, dan interpretasi berdasarkan pengalaman serta konteks sosial responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa memahami jihad dalam dua dimensi: jihad spiritual (jihad akbar) sebagai perjuangan melawan hawa nafsu, dan jihad fisik (jihad asghar) sebagai bentuk pembelaan yang tidak selalu melibatkan kekerasan. Persepsi mereka tentang peran Iran dalam konflik dengan Israel merupakan bentuk solidaritas terhadap Palestina, yang dianggap sebagai upaya membela hak asasi manusia dan keadilan. Faktor seperti paparan media, pendidikan, dan pengalaman sosial terbukti memengaruhi pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap jihad dan konflik geopolitik ini.
Downloads
References
Aharon, E. (2024). Political audience and non-linear securitisation: Revisiting Israel-Iran relations and the making of the 1979 Islamic Revolution. European Journal of International Security. https://doi.org/10.1017/eis.2023.26
al-Jazīrah. (2024). Ḥizb Allāh yuṣaʿʿidu hajamātihi ʿalā Isrā’īl wa-Wāshingtun taṭlub min muwāṭinihā mughādarata Lubnān.
Al-ʿAnayyī, S. bin B. bin ʿĀyiḍ. (2014). al-Ḥūthiyyūn bayna az-Zaydiyyah wa ar-Rāfiḍah. Jami'ah al-Madaniyyah al-'Alamiyyah.
Amalia, D. F., Zania, B., Putri, C. A., Ikrom, M., & Ardianto, B. (2024). Isu-Isu Kontemporer Dalam Penegakan Hukum Internasional (Studi Kasus Perang Iran Dan Israel). Causa: Jurnal Hukum Dan Kewarganegaraan, 3(12), 89–100. https://doi.org/10.3783/CAUSA.V3I12.3422
Canetti, D., Khatib, I., Rubin, A., & Wayne, C. (2019). Framing and fighting: The impact of conflict frames on political attitudes. Journal of Peace Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022343319826324
Chodijah, A. P., Sugiyatno, F. A. S., & Nurhajati, L. (2020). Framing Media Online “Detikcom” terkait Konflik AS–Iran Periode Januari 2020. Communicare : Journal of Communication Studies. https://doi.org/10.37535/101007120204
Council on Foreign Relations. (2024). Iran’s Revolutionary Guards
Dallas, C. E., & Burkle, F. M. (2011). Nuclear war in the middle East: Where is the voice of medicine and public health? Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X11006613
Deep, B. (2020). Lived Experience and the Idea of the Social in Alfred Schutz: A Phenomenological Study of Contemporary Relevance. Journal of Indian Council of Philosophical Research, 37(3), 361–381. https://doi.org/10.1007/S40961-020-00211-9/METRICS
Dohle, M., Kelm, O., Bernhard, U., & Klein, B. (2021). Interplay between media-related perceptions and perceptions of hostility in international conflicts: Results from a study of German and Greek citizens. International Communication Gazette. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048520970062
Fakhrudiyan, I., Mukarom, Z., & Muhaemin, E. (2021). Profesionalisme Wartawan Televisi (Studi Fenomenologi tentang Profesionalisme Wartawan Kompas TV Jawa Barat). Annaba: Jurnal Ilmu Jurnalistik. https://doi.org/10.15575/annaba.v2i3.688
Fauziyyah, N. (2019). Persepsi Etis Mahasiswa terhadap Isu Etika Bisnis (Studi Kasus Pada Mahasiswa Perguruan Tinggi Negeri di Yogyakarta Yang Memiliki Program MAKSI dan PPAK). Accounting Global Journal. https://doi.org/10.24176/agj.v3i1.3042
Fitrah, I. (2025). Mengenal Tentara Iran IRGC, Korps Garda Revolusi Islam: Peran hingga Kekuatannya. Retrieved October 21, 2025, from detikHikmah website: https://www.detik.com/hikmah/khazanah/d-7969307/mengenal-tentara-iran-irgc-korps-garda-revolusi-islam-peran-hingga-kekuatannya
Fujita, M., Harrigan, P., & Soutar, G. N. (2017). International students’ engagement in their university’s social media: An exploratory study. International Journal of Educational Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-12-2016-0260
Ghadbeigy, Z., & Jafari, M. (2022). Iran-Israel Security Competition in West Asia. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 9(9), 93–111. https://doi.org/10.18415/IJMMU.V9I9.4071
Gitiyarko, V. (2025). Pengungsi Meningkat, Krisis Kemanusiaan Makin Perih. Retrieved October 21, 2025, from Kompas.id website: https://www.kompas.id/artikel/pengungsi-meningkat-krisis-kemanusiaan-makin-perih
Jaspal, R. (2015). Antisemitism and Anti-Zionism in Iran: The Effects of Identity, Threat, and Political Trust. Contemporary Jewry. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12397-015-9133-6
Jose, H. S., & Fathun, L. M. (2021). US – Iran Proxy War in Middle East Under Trump Administration. Journal of Political Issues. https://doi.org/10.33019/jpi.v3i1.45
Jumiatmoko, J., Rasmani, U. E. E., Wahyuningsih, S., Zuhro, N. S., Fitrianingtyas, A., Nurjanah, N. E., & Winarji, B. (2023). Konflik Moral Guru dalam Implementasi Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek di PAUD. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i3.4625
Kamila, N. A., & Munawarah, Z. (2021). Persepsi Mahasiswa Terhadap Pembelajaran Daring Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi Mahasiswa FIK UNW Mataram). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kesehatan. https://doi.org/10.48144/prosiding.v1i.613
Karsh, E. (2023). The Israel-Iran conflict: between Washington and Beijing. Israel Affairs, 29(6), 1075–1093. https://doi.org/10.1080/13537121.2023.2269694
Kaunert, C., & Wertman, O. (2020). The securitisation of hybrid warfare through practices within the Iran-Israel conflict - Israel’s practices to securitize Hezbollah’s Proxy War. Security and Defence Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.35467/sdq/130866
Koloay, J. S., Cecep, C., & Miknamara, M. (2024). Pengaruh Konflik Israel-Iran Terhadap Keamanan Kawasan Regional dan Global. Syntax Idea, 6(9), 6079–6086. https://doi.org/10.46799/Syntax-Idea.V6I9.4490
Latifa, A., & Afdal, A. (2022). Deskripsi tingkat keterampilan resolusi konflik calon pengantin di kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota. JRTI (Jurnal Riset Tindakan Indonesia). https://doi.org/10.29210/30032038000
Markiewicz, T., & Sharvit, K. (2021). When Victimhood Goes to War? Israel and Victim Claims. Political Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12690
Monica, G. S., Tayo, Y., & Utamidewi, W. (2024). Studi Fenomenologi Unpaid Intership di Kalangan Mahasiswa Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang. Da’watuna: Journal of Communication and Islamic Broadcasting, 4(3), 1456–1464. https://doi.org/10.47467/Dawatuna.V4I3.1231
Mūrphī, M. (2024). Mādhā naʿrif ʿan hujūmi Īrān ʿalā Isrā’īl biṣ-ṣawārīkh?
Noveni, N. A., & Ekowarni, E. (2022). Peran Persepsi Dukungan Sosial dan Efikasi Diri terhadap Konflik Sekolah-Keluarga pada Mahasiswa Strata Tiga (S-3). Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology (GamaJoP). https://doi.org/10.22146/gamajop.72618
Nurtyandini, R. T. (2022). Analisis Kebijakan Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat Era Joe Biden terhadap Program Pengembangan Nuklir Iran. Jurnal PIR : Power in International Relations. https://doi.org/10.22303/pir.6.2.2022.138-152
Priyadharma, S. W. (2019). Model pemrosesan informasi Gregory Bateson dalam pendekatan sibernetis. Jurnal Manajemen Komunikasi. https://doi.org/10.24198/jmk.v4i1.21286
Rahayu, L. S. (2024). Rudal Ditembakkan dari Yaman, Sirene Berbunyi di Tel Aviv Israel.
Rasid, R., Djafar, H., & Santoso, B. (2021). Alfred Schutz’s Perspective in Phenomenology Approach: Concepts, Characteristics, Methods and Examples. International Journal of Educational Research & Social Sciences, 2(1), 190–201. https://doi.org/10.51601/IJERSC.V2I1.18
Rizqa, H. (2024). Untuk Siapa ‘Tanah yang Dijanjikan’? Retrieved October 21, 2025, from Republika website: https://www.republika.id/posts/16986/untuk-siapa-tanah-yang-dijanjikan
Roomi, F. (2023). The Iran-Israel Conflict: An Ultra-Ideological Explanation. Middle East Policy. https://doi.org/10.1111/mepo.12687
Roy, V., Prakash, C., & Charan, P. (2023). Under “my way or the highway”! The weaker partner’s synergy on collaborative performance in humanitarian relief when experiencing power tactics. International Journal of Operations and Production Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-12-2021-0749
Samsel, M., & Perepa, P. (2013). The impact of media representation of disabilities on teachers’ perceptions. Support for Learning. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9604.12036
Sarah Sania Al Quds, Syaiful Arif, Ahmad Hafi Iroqi, & Mu’alimin. (2023). Literature Review Bentuk-Bentuk Konflik dalam Organisasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Ekonomi Dan Akuntansi (JIMEA). https://doi.org/10.62017/jimea.v1i1.81
Schutz, A. (1967). The Phenomenology of The Social World. Evanstone: Northwestern University Press.
Setiawan, S. (2025). Dampak Retaliasi Iran ke Israel Tahun 2024 di Kawasan Timur Tengah. Global Insights Journal, 2(2).
Shihab, Q. (2019). Islam yang Disalahpahami Menepis Prasangka, Mengikis Kekeliruan (2nd ed.; Q. SF & M. Husnil, Eds.). Tangerang: Lentera Hati.
Sky News ʿArabiyyah. (n.d.). al-Jaysh al-Isrā’īlī yuʿlin maqtala Ḥasan Naṣr Allāh.
Sky News ʿArabiyyah. (2024). Fī ghuḍūni ithnay ʿashrata sāʿah.. ightiyālu qā’idain fī “Ḥamās” wa “Ḥizb Allāh.”
Sorongan, T. P. (2024). Israel Disebut “Dalang” Tewasnya Presiden Iran Ibrahim Raisi.
Steers, M. L. N., Neighbors, C., Wickham, R. E., Petit, W. E., Kerr, B., & Moreno, M. A. (2019). My friends, I’m #SOTALLYTOBER: A longitudinal examination of college students’ drinking, friends’ approval of drinking, and Facebook alcohol-related posts. Digital Health. https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207619845449
Suhayatmi, Rahmatulummah, A., & Resky, S. A. (2024). Eskalasi Konflik Iran-Israel di Damaskus: Implikasi terhadap Stabilitas Keamanan Regional dan Global. Jurnal Hubungan Luar Negeri, 9(1), 49–68. Retrieved from https://jurnal.kemlu.go.id/jurnal-hublu/article/view/49
Supraja, M., & Alakbar, N. (2020). Alfred Schutz: Pengarusutamaan Fenomenologi dalam Tradisi Ilmu Sosial. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
Syarifudin. (2024). Profil Kelompok Pejuang Irak Brigade Sayyid al-Shuhada yang Ikut Menghadang Israel. Retrieved October 21, 2025, from SindoNews website: https://international.sindonews.com/read/1307697/177/profil-kelompok-pejuang-irak-brigade-sayyid-al-shuhada-yang-ikut-menghadang-israel-1706259670
Tavory, I. (2023). A theory of intersubjectivity: experience, interaction and the anchoring of meaning. Theory and Society, 52(5), 865–884. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11186-022-09507-Y/METRICS
Umam, K. (2022). Rivalitas Arab Saudi, Iran, dan Israel di Kawasan Timur Tengah. Populika, 10(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.37631/POPULIKA.V10I2.509
Umma, S., Fadilah, I., & Redjosari, S. M. (2021). Hizbullah Di Lebanon: Aktualisasi Gerakan Agama Berkedok Politik Di Masa Kini. Humanistika: Jurnal Keislaman, 7(2), 265–283. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36835/humanistika.v7i1.482
Utami, V. V. F. R., Satibi`, S., Kristina, S. A., & Prabandari, Y. S. (2022). Persepsi Mahasiswa Farmasi, Keperawatan, Kesehatan Masyarakat, Gizi Dan Pendidikan Jasmani Terhadap Interprofessional Education (IPE). JFIOnline | Print ISSN 1412-1107 | e-ISSN 2355-696X. https://doi.org/10.35617/jfionline.v14i1.12
Veronese, G., Mahamid, F., & Bdier, D. (2023). Concerns, perceived risk, and hesitancy on COVID-19 vaccine: a qualitative exploration among university students living in the West Bank. Epidemiology and Infection. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268823001267
Wagner, H. R. (1970). Alfred Schutz on Phenomenology and Social Relations. Chicago: The University of Chicago PressChicago.
Zhang, T., He, Q., Richardson, S., & Tang, K. (2023). Does armed conflict lead to lower prevalence of maternal health-seeking behaviours: theoretical and empirical research based on 55 683 women in armed conflict settings. BMJ Global Health. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-012023
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Khafid Roziki
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors published in this journal agree to the following terms:
- The copyright of each article is retained by the author (s) without restrictions
- The journal allows the author(s) to retain publishing rights without restrictions
- The author grants the journal the first publication rights with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, allowing others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship and the initial publication in this journal.
- Authors may enter into separate additional contractual agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of published journal versions of the work (for example, posting them to institutional repositories or publishing them in a book), with acknowledgment of their initial publication in this journal
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (For example in the Institutional Repository or on their website) before and during the submission process, as this can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and larger citations of published work
- Articles and all related material published are distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-4.0 International Public License (CC - BY 4.0).
License
Alhamra Jurnal Studi Islam is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- 4.0 International Public License (CC - BY 4.0).
You are free to :
Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially
