Adaptasi Budaya Jamu Masyarakat Urban: Survei Botani Ekonomi Produsen-Penjual dan Konsumen Jamu di Cikarang, Jawa Barat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30595/pharmacy.v18i2.10893Keywords:
jamu urban, ramuan jamu, tumbuhan native, tumbuhan introduced, ZingiberaceaeAbstract
Budaya jamu berakar dari budaya masyarakat Indonesia, terutama Jawa Tengah yang dibawa ke penjuru Indonesia oleh perantau Jawa. Di lokasi yang jauh dari pusat asal jamu di Jawa tengah dan berkarakter urban seperti Cikarang, Jawa Barat, sangat menarik untuk mengamati bagaimana budaya jamu diadaptasikan dengan karakter biodiversitas dan sosial lokal. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara pada baik produsen dan konsumen jamu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di tingkat produsen di wilayah urban Cikarang, keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan jamu jauh lebih sedikit (14 jenis) dibanding daerah lain yang berkarakter rural. Ditemukan juga adaptasi-adaptasi lainnya yang berhubungan dengan aspek produksi, seperti suku Zingiberaceae dengan organ rimpang adalah kelompok mayoritas (35.71%). Pemanfaatan tumbuhan native Indonesia lebih besar (78.5%) dibandingkan introduced (21.4%). Ditemukan bahwa bahan baku jamu hanya diperoleh dari sekitar Cikarang, serta pengolahan yang tidak melibatkan alat modern. Dari aspek konsumen, diketahui bahwa 83% konsumen beretnisitas Jawa Barat dan selebihnya Jawa Tengah.
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