Uji Aktivitas Hepatoprotektor Ekstrak Etanol Herba Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber L.) terhadap Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar yang Diinduksi Isoniazid

Galar Sigit Prasuma; Elok Nabila Qotrunnada; Shintia Lintang Charisma

doi:10.30595/pharmacy.v20i2.20317

Uji Aktivitas Hepatoprotektor Ekstrak Etanol Herba Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber L.) terhadap Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar yang Diinduksi Isoniazid

Galar Sigit Prasuma, Elok Nabila Qotrunnada, Shintia Lintang Charisma

Abstract

Hepatoprotektor merupakan suatu senyawa yang memiliki kemampuan untuk melindungi hati dari kerusakan akibat senyawa-senyawa hepatotoksik. Kerusakan hati dapat diamati melalui peningkatan kadar enzim serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) dan serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT). Enzim tersebut akan meningkat jumlahnya dalam darah saat organ hati mengalami stres oktsidatif. Beberapa senyawa bahan alam yang memiliki potensi sebagai agen hepatoptotektor adalah flavonoid, fenol alkaloid dan terpenoid. Salah satu tanaman yang memiliki kandungan senyawa tersebut adalah tapak liman (Elephatopus scaber L.). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi efek hepatoprotektor dari ekstrak etanol herba tapak liman pada rentang dosis 150 mg/kgBB – 300mg/KgBB pada hewan uji tikus wistar jantan yang telah diinduksi agen hepatotoksik berupa isoniazid. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratorium dengan desain pretest and postest control group dengan menggunakan sebanyak 24 ekor tikus yang terbagi menjadi 6 kelompok, yaitu kelompok I (kontrol normal), kelompok II (isoniazid 50mg/kgBB), kelompok III (kurkuminoid 100mg/kgBB, isoniazid 50mg/kgBB), kelompok IV (tapak liman 150mg/kgBB, isoniazid 50mg/kgBB), kelompok V (tapak liman 300mg/kgBB, isoniazid 50mg/kgBB), dan kelompok VI (tapak liman 450mg/kgBB, isoniazid 50mg/kgBB), yang diinduksi secara peroral selama 14 hari. Pengkuran kadar SGOT dan SGPT dilakukan tiga kali pengulangan pada hari ke 0, 7, dan 14. Hasil pengukuran kadar SGOT dan SGPT pada hari ke-7 secara statistik menunjukkan adanya kenaikan yang signifikan pada kelompok II-VI akibat pemberian isoniazid. Pada hari ke-14, kelompok kontrol positif maupun kelompok ekstrak herba tapak liman secara signifikan mengalami penurunan kadar SGOT dan SGPT yang mendekati nilai normal.

Keywords

Elephantopus scaber L.; Hepatoprotector; Isoniazid; SGOT; SGPT

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