Kajian Toksisitas Tanaman Genus Garcinia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30595/pharmacy.v17i2.7691Keywords:
tanaman genus Garcinia, toksisitas in vitro, toksisitas in vivoAbstract
Sekitar 80%, alternatif dalam terapi pemeliharaan kesehatan bergantung pada penggunaan obat tradisional. Obat tradisional berasal dari bahan dan teknik pengobatannya yang bersifat alami, sehingga efek sampingnya relatif rendah, memiliki kandungan senyawa yang beraneka ragam bersifat sinergis serta biaya pengobatannya lebih ekonomis. Tanaman genus Garcinia merupakan famili dari Clusiaceae memiliki 400 spesies, 77 spesies diantaranya tersebar di wilayah Indonesia dan tumbuh di daerah tropis. Tanaman ini memiliki potensi besar sebagai obat tradisional dalam mengobati berbagai jenis kelainan patofisiologi. Pemanfaatan tanaman sebagai obat tradisional sebagian besar didasarkan pada pengalaman, namun informasi tentang bukti keamanan atau toksisitas tanaman obat kepada masyarakat masih terbatas sehingga perlu dilakukan pengkajian toksisitas genus Garcinia. Spesies tanaman dari genus Garcinia yang telah diuji toksisitasnya antara lain, Garcinia brasiliensis Mart., Garcinia xanthochymus Hook.f. ex T.Anderson, Garcinia cowa Roxb., Garcinia pedunculata Roxb. ex Buch.-Ham., Garcinia husor, Garcinia kola Heckel, Garcinia benthami Pierra, Garcinia mangostana L., Garcinia indica (Thouars) Choisy, Garcinia hombroniana Pierre, Garcinia rubroechinata Kosterm., Garcinia achachairu Rusby, Garcinia atroviridis Griff. ex T. Anders, Garcinia forbesii King, dan Garcinia multiflora Champ. ex Benth.
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