Profil Senyawa dan Aktivitas Farmakologi dari Bunga Kembang Merak (Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw.)
Abstract
Spesies dari genus Caesalpinia sebagian besar berupa spesies berkayu pada zona tropis dan subtropis. Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. adalah salah satu spesies dari genus Caesalpinia yang biasa dikenal dengan bunga kembang merak. Artikel review ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan profil senyawa dan aktivitas farmakologi dari C. pulcherrima. Metode pencarian data untuk menyusun artikel review ini adalah penelusuran pustaka dari berbagai sumber jurnal serta buku, meliputi profil tanaman, profil senyawa, serta aktivitas farmakologi dari C. pulcherrima. Metabolit sekunder yang terdapat pada genus Caesalpinia diantaranya diterpenoid, fenolik, flavonoid, triterpenoid, dan lakton. C. pulcherrima mengandung senyawa diterpenoid,; pulcherrimin A dan isovouacapenol C (akar), 6-methoxypulcherrimin, peltogynoids bhonducellin, dan homoisoflavonoid (batang), myricetin, lupeol, flavonoid dan β-sitosterol (bunga), tanin, asam hidrosianat, serta asam benzoat (daun). Isolat pada buah C. pulcherrima mengandung senyawa β-lakton. Aktivitas farmakologis Caesalpinia meliputi anti-mikroba, anti-inflamasi, anti-kanker, anti-virus, dan anti-jamur. Aktivitas antibakteri C. pulcherrima dapat diuji dengan cara mengektraksi serbuk kering aerial parts dengan metode perkolasi dingin. Kemudian, dilakukan evaluasi dengan KLT dan penentuan Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) dan Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Fraksi 9 dan 10 sangat efektif terhadap Klebsiella pneumoniae. Caesalpinia, terutama C. pulcherrima, memiliki beraneka aktivitas farmakologi yang kemungkinan besar terkait dengan dengan adanya gugus metoksi karbonil dan hidroksi pada struktur metabolit sekundernya.
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References
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DOI: 10.30595/pharmacy.v18i1.9316
Copyright (c) 2021 PHARMACY: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia (Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
ISSN: 2579-910X
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Published by : Fakultas Farmasi | Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto